Opal Kelly's Portland-based Opal Kelly company specializes in FPGA-based USB module development, and has introduced a number of USB modules based on Xilinx FPGAs, such as the USB integrated module based on Virtex-5 FPGA - XEM5010, XEM3010 based on Spartan-3 FPGA and XEM6310 based on Spartan-6 FPGA.
Since its inception in 2004, Opal Kelly has been working on USB modules based on Xilinx FPGAs to help design teams develop USB systems, prototype IPs and ASICs using USB, or integrate USB modules directly into retail and internal test equipment. More and more different applications, such as consumer systems, medical devices, communications equipment, research and development, and education.
XEM7310 USB 3.0 Module Based on Xilinx ArTIx-7 FPGA Three years ago, Opal Kelly released a new FPGA-based XEM6310 USB 3.0 integrated module using the Xilinx Spartan-6 FPGA family of chips. (See https:// for details)
Figure 1: XEM7310 USB 3.0 board structure based on Xilinx ArTIx-7 FPGA
Opal Kelly has released a new XEM7310 USB 3.0 integrated module that uses the higher performance Xilinx ArTIx-7 FPGA family.
Figure 2: XEM7310 USB 3.0 Board Based on Xilinx ArTIx-7 FPGAs
In contrast to the original XEM 6310 series, XEM 7310 board area still remains 50x75mm, high-speed double-pin connector 80, and through the use of new Artix-7 FPGA, utilization of the die has been greatly improved. XEM7310 board can be two different Artix-7 FPGA (Artix-7 A75 or Artix-7 A200), programmable logic resources than a Spartan-6 obtained based XEM6310 much. Below is a comparison of the features provided by the different XEM7310 versions:
Figure 3: Performance comparison of different products such as XEM7310
At the same time, the XEM7310 board integrates 8 times SDRAM (1Gbyte DDR3 SDRAM and 128Mbytes DDR2 SDRAM); the system frequency of the XEM7310 board is increased from 100MHz to 200MHz compared to the XEM6310; in the implementation of programming languages, both new and old boards are implemented. The complete programming application interface (API) with C, C++, C#, Ruby, Python and Java; the XEM7310-A75 is priced at $549.95 and the XEM7310-A200 is priced at $799.95.
Xilinx Artix-7 FPGA FamilyThe Artix-7 features a miniaturized, unified Virtex family of architectures with transceiver speeds of up to 6.6Gb/s and extremely high DSP bandwidth for connection to high-speed transmission devices such as USB 3.0. It is currently widely used in low-cost ultrasound, programmable logic controllers, software-defined radios, and multi-protocol machine vision cameras. For developers who require DSP-logic mixing, enhanced video and image quality, and waveform processing, this FPGA is very attractive. This time, in the process of applying to the USB3.0 board, the bandwidth and power consumption are greatly reduced. It achieves a great improvement in performance and silicon utilization on the same board area, and perfectly realizes the high-speed transmission function of USB3.0.
to sum upOpal Kelly continues to apply Xilinx FPGA chips to USB for improvements in functionality and power consumption. Xilinx, which gathers innovative consciousness, continuously develops FPGA series that try different functions, and gives Opal Kelly and other companies more choices to develop adaptive products. I believe that with the concerted efforts of Xilinx and various companies, the leap of information age It will be faster and faster, let us wait and see.
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Circular polarizing filters, namely circular polarizing filters. It is mainly used to eliminate polarized light, increase color concentration, deepen sky blue, highlight white clouds, and eliminate reflected light on non-metallic surfaces such as glass or water surface. It can also reduce the soft focus caused by atmospheric fog in landscape photos, but does not change the tone balance of the whole picture.
Linear polarizer, also known as ordinary polarizer, is marked in English as l-pl (UNEAR Polarizer) or PL-L (polarizing F, ilter linear), pllineat, PL, pol, CPL.
CPL structure: it is divided into two pieces. When in use, the back piece is screwed in front of the lens group in front of the lens, and the front piece is rotated. Different angles have different effects on photometry and saturation. It is generally used 90 degrees from the illumination direction to maximize the effect. Generally, it will reduce the 2nd gear exposure and affect the saturation. However, it should be noted that if you want to take beautiful reflections in the water or metal highlights, do not use them. It will eliminate these reflections and you will not get the image you imagine; But if you want to take pictures of fish in the water, algae in the pond, or exhibits in the window, CPL is a good choice. Taking a portrait with CPL will eliminate the highlights on the face, reduce the contrast, and make people's face look flat. See if you need special effects. It is necessary to free up one hand during CPL adjustment, so it is best to use it with tripod and shutter cord.
Role of CPL polarizer: polarizer can eliminate harmful reflected light and improve image clarity and expressiveness. Eliminate reflected light: eliminate light reflected from shiny surfaces such as water or glass. Increase color saturation: it can make the blue sky, green leaves, ridges and buildings more colorful. Circular polarization CPL is specially used for AF focusing camera and digital camera, which is more convenient for rotation adjustment. In addition, it is also compatible with MF manual fuselage.
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