Tell you how the audio-visual room is arranged

Domestic consumers mostly use the living room as an audio-visual room, and it is not rare to use a single room for audiovisual use. The room size of the audio-visual room should not be too small, the clearance area should be above 10m2, too small audio and video effects will be unnaturally depressed, the equipment placement and viewing distance is not reasonable, the room should be placed in a large speaker, the height of the room It should be no less than 2.8m, but it should not exceed 4m, because the ceiling will reflect the sound. Too high space is prone to inaccurate positioning due to the long arrival time of the reflected sound. The ideal audio-visual room should be rectangular, and the length, width and height of the room also have certain requirements. The proper ratio can reduce the intensity of the medium-low frequency standing wave. The ideal height, width and length ratio are 1:1.618:2.618. . Of course, it is difficult to have such an ideal ratio in reality. Generally speaking, as long as the height, width and length are not allowed to be separated by integers.

In addition to the appropriate proportion, but also know how to distinguish between the room is hard or soft tones, what is hard to adjust? The domestic rooms are mostly six-walled walls made of brick walls or cement. These hard walls are mainly composed of reflected sound energy. They are called hard-adjusted spaces. The hard-adjusted space is too strong due to lack of sound-absorbing materials. Noisy and harsh, the low frequency will also increase. On the contrary, the wall separated by wood and gypsum board, and the room with the interlayer between the board and the board is called soft-tuning space. This space can absorb the sound energy of high frequency, medium frequency and low frequency, and the sound load is absorbed. A lot. This kind of space will cause low-frequency feeling due to excessive absorption, but the high frequency is very smooth. Since the volume of the listening space is the sound reflection load of the six walls in the space, the hard-adjusted space cannot withstand too much volume. Whether it is dynamic, sound field and sound image reproduction can not be compared with soft-tuning space, the ideal audio-visual room should be soft-tuned space.

(2) Reduce standing wave and reverberation

The processing of the audio-visual room is mainly to reduce the low frequency standing wave and excessive reverberation reflection sound, the solution is to place the appropriate sound absorbing material. What is sound absorbing material? Any material that changes the acoustic energy into mechanical energy by vibration or changes the acoustic energy into a thermal energy material by friction is a sound absorbing material. Brick walls, wood boards, glass, etc. are all sound-absorbing materials based on vibration. Various mineral wool foams and fabrics are fine-porous sound-absorbing materials.
The vibrating type of sound absorbing material mostly absorbs the frequency band lower than 500 Hz, and the porous material mostly absorbs the frequency higher than 4000 Hz. There is no formula for how much sound-absorbing material is used in space. It has a certain relationship with the amount of furniture and the size of space in the room. The sound absorbing material required in the large space is more than the small space, but if there are already leather sofas or fabrics and wooden furniture in the room, the amount of sound absorbing materials can be appropriately reduced. Knowing whether the sound absorbing materials in the room are suitable, you can speak at a normal volume indoors. If you feel your own sound is rich, the sound absorbing materials are basically normal. On the other hand, if you feel that the sound is short, even dry, or you want to be louder to maintain the original sense of hearing, that is, the sound absorption material is excessive; if you can hear the tail sound is very long when you usually speak, even the environment is a bit noisy, that is Sound absorbing materials are not enough.

It is not advisable to use only one sound absorbing material in the listening space. There are several different sound absorbing materials, which can prevent a certain frequency from being sucked excessively and make the audible frequency band unbalanced. Generally speaking, the loud ears are mostly 4000-8000Hz frequency reflection too much, can be absorbed in thick flannel and carpet in appropriate places, glass fiber cotton and mineral fiber board are also effective for frequency absorption around 4000Hz, but glass fiber cotton is exposed. It is harmful to health and is not recommended for use. The frequencies above 8000 Hz do not have to be too much attention, because these frequencies are very short wavelengths and are easily absorbed by indoor objects or naturally attenuated in the air.

In fact, the most effective way to reduce the low-frequency standing wave is to destroy the parallelism of the wall surface by making diagonal CD racks or bookshelves on the left and right side wall surfaces, or by nailing the thin wood boards on the left and right sides as shown in Figure 1. Moderate slopes, not only can effectively reduce the low-frequency standing wave, but also can spread the medium and high-frequency sound waves, making the sound more natural.

(3) Decoration of each wall of the audio-visual room

The walls of the listening room are generally decorated on the principle that the front wall is hard and the side wall is diffused and the wall is diffused. The decoration in the 5.1-channel cinema room is basically the same. Pay special attention to the space in the listening space. Do not use thin plates to nail the cavity wall or separate the space. Because the thickness of the thin wood is 0.5cm~3cm, the thickness of 3cm or more is rare. The frequency of the 3cm plate is quite high at 125Hz, and there is 0.28 absorption rate. The higher the frequency, the lower the sound absorption rate. The thinner the board, the lower the sound absorption at 125 Hz, but the higher the sound absorption at 250 Hz. In the home decoration, the 2cm board is used to separate the room, and there is a cavity behind the board. The cavity will increase the sound absorption rate, which makes the middle and low frequency less sense and the sound is thinner.
A, the left and right side wall practices

The left and right side walls are the first reflections of the direct sound of the speaker. The first reflection must be made into a sound-absorbing process. After this treatment, it will help the clarity of the sound image and the clean sound, so that the sound is noisy. ear. The method is to set some sound absorbing materials on the side wall between the speaker and the listening position. As shown in Fig. 2, the sound absorbing area should have a height of 1-1.5m wide and about 2m. The sound absorbing material can be creased with a thick velvet cloth like a curtain. It can be naturally hung on the side wall. It can also be wrapped with cotton cloth to make the sound cotton, and the sound absorbing body made of a piece can be fixed on the wall or the wool blanket can be hung.

If the left and right side walls are sound-absorbing, the sound image positioning becomes precise and the sound is not noisy. The back wall of the speaker (that is, the front wall facing the listener) can be left untreated. On the contrary, it is necessary to do some sound absorption on the back wall of the speaker.
B, the treatment of the back wall

In most cases, in order not to absorb the low frequency or make the power of the amplifier too heavy, the back wall of the speaker should be made strong and hard, so that the low frequency can be forced forward and extended better.

The area of ​​sound absorption on the back wall is generally between the left and right speakers. The easiest way is to cross the entire back wall into a few frames with the square strips cross-section, then wrap the sound-absorbing cotton with cloth and stuff it into each box. Inside. When the craftsmanship is good, the back wall can be made beautiful. It is also possible to hang the fabric to absorb sound, but the fabric should be thick like a tapeboard to be effective. Try not to nail the cavity with a 3cm board or a 6cm board on the back wall of the speaker. This will absorb too much low frequency, the sound will sound weak and weak, not strong enough and the amount is not enough. Of course, this is not absolute. For example, when there is a 125Hz medium-low frequency standing wave in space, the gypsum board and the 3cm board (both 125Hz sound absorption rate is about 0.28) can be used to make the nail cavity decoration of some walls, and the low frequency can be used. The standing wave absorbs to make the sound more balanced.

The corners of the corners, especially the rear wall and side wall of the speaker, are the strongest standing waves. If you can handle it a little, it will help the sound. The way to use space and spend less is to design the corners into bookshelves, CD shelves or display racks. Use the wooden board to seal the right angle as shown in Figure 3. Although it is used for diffusing sound waves, this corner cavity will also absorb low frequencies, and there are gains and losses.
C. Listening to the position of the back wall

After listening to the position, the wall can be processed into sound absorption, or it can be processed into diffusion. In many audio-visual rooms, the space is too small to sit against the back wall. The sound heard will be cloudy, so unless your system's low frequency is insufficient to rely on the back wall reflection to enhance the low frequency, the seat is better off the back wall. Above 0.6m, the sound heard is relatively clean. However, when the seat is too close to the back wall and the reflected sound is too strong, the sound absorption process should be taken. On the other hand, the diffusion process can be used to make the sound more natural. The best way is to stick the sound absorbing material on the surface of the diffusion molding, so that both absorption and diffusion can be achieved. What can spread sound waves? Any beveled or curved object can diffuse sound waves, but their diffusion frequency range is affected by the width of their own curved bevel. The diffuser can be self-made in addition to the ready-made one, which is designed as a professional diffuser. It can spread a wider frequency. The embossed pulp pallet with eggs on the farmer's market also has a natural diffusion effect, but its diffusion frequency range is very narrow.

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