According to foreign media reports, the impact of super strong earthquakes in Japan on the LED industry is limited. Some of the manufacturers in the Kanto region are mostly safe and sound, but they are shut down by the Fukushima nuclear power plant. The impact of regional traffic disruptions has caused supply shortages in certain components and materials in the supply chain.
According to relevant institutional data, in 2010, Japan's LED output value ranked first in the world, with a share of 29%, ranking the world's leading throne.
The LED industry supply chain in Japan is complete. In addition to several large LED manufacturers, upstream and downstream materials also play a pivotal role in the global supply chain, such as phosphor powder, encapsulated silica gel, and sapphire crystal rods. In the distribution of the LED industry, the clusters of LED manufacturers are mainly located in the Kansai region, while some material manufacturers are located in the Kanto region.
Japan's main LED manufacturers, Nichia and Toyota Synthetic, are located in the Kansai region, so the earthquake did not have much impact on the two manufacturers. As for Showa Denko, because the company has a part of the production line in Chiba Prefecture, it will affect its output under the condition of tight electricity. As for another big packaging company, Citizen, because some of the company's production lines are located in Fukushima Prefecture, the disaster situation still needs further understanding.
In the LED material manufacturer, the main manufacturers of gemstone substrates are Kyocera and Miki, which account for about 25% of the global market share. However, the supply of sapphire substrate manufacturers in Japan is mainly used by LED manufacturers in Japan, and the proportion of export is not high. Although the production line of Umaki is partly located in Aomori Prefecture, the factory building has not been damaged. Instead, it is affected by factors such as power curtailment. However, if supply is limited, will it affect Japanese LED manufacturers to go out of Japan and seek sapphire substrates. It is worthy of attention. As for the supply of GaAs substrates used in the Quaternary, the main suppliers are provided by Sumitomo Electric, and there is no such thing as a tight supply.
Japan's MO source suppliers, mainly provided by Sumitomo Chemical and Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., are mainly used in the Japanese domestic market and are not sold externally. It is estimated that it will not affect LED manufacturers in other regions. However, as some of the two companies have production lines in the Kanto region, the subsequent output is worth observing in the absence of electricity and transportation.
The carrier disk for MOCVD and the graphite carrier plate used in the MOCVD machine are also very important parts. At present, due to the large expansion of the MOCVD machine, the high technical threshold and few suppliers make the graphite carrier. There has been a state of tight supply. At present, the most important supplier in Japan is Toyo Tanso. The factory is located in Kagawa Prefecture, but it has not been greatly affected because it is far away from the disaster area.
The silicone encapsulation part of the world is mainly supplied by Shin-Etsu Chemical and Dow Corning. The Shin-Etsu Chemicals plant in Japan is located in Gunma Prefecture. In the case of inconvenient transportation and power shortage, there are many packaging manufacturers. Indicates that the supply is in a tight condition.
Fluorescent powder, Japan Fluorescent Powder mainly provides manufacturers including Nichia and Mitsubishi Chemical, Nichia has been providing yellow fluorescent powder (YAG), and in the LED backlight TV application that emphasizes high color rendering, Mitsubishi Chemical The red and green fluorescent powder has a considerable market share. At present, Mitsubishi Chemical's factory in Odawara City has a distance from the disaster area, but due to traffic factors and power cuts, some packaging manufacturers also reported that the supply is slightly tight.
Rectifier Diode A semiconductor device used to convert alternating current into direct current. The most important characteristic of a diode is its unidirectional conductivity. In the circuit, current can only flow from the positive pole of the diode and the negative pole flows out. Usually it contains a PN junction with two terminals, positive and negative. Its structure is shown in the figure. The carriers in the P region are holes, and the carriers in the N region are electrons, forming a certain barrier in the P region and the N region. When the applied voltage makes the P region positive with respect to the N region, the barrier is lowered, and the storage carriers are generated near the two sides of the barrier, which can pass a large current and have a low voltage drop (typically 0.7V), which is called positive. Wizard status. If the opposite voltage is applied, the barrier is increased to withstand a high reverse voltage, and a small reverse current (called reverse leakage current) is called a reverse blocking state. The rectifier diode has significant unidirectional conductivity. The rectifier diode can be fabricated from materials such as semiconductor germanium or silicon. The silicon rectifier diode has a high breakdown voltage, a small reverse leakage current, and good high temperature performance. Usually high-voltage and high-power rectifier diodes are made of high-purity single crystal silicon (it is easy to reverse breakdown when doping more). This device has a large junction area and can pass a large current (up to thousands of amps), but the operating frequency is not high, generally below several tens of kilohertz. Rectifier diodes are mainly used in various low-frequency half-wave rectification circuits. If full-wave rectification is required, they must be connected to a Rectifier Bridge.
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