Big data is the intangible means of production of the information society. Its concept has been repeatedly deduced by various circles of society. However, many people are unclear about the relationship among big data, Internet of things and smart cities. In response, the reporter interviewed Zhao Ying, the technical director of Tongfang’s IoT Industrial Applications Division, and she made a detailed interpretation of this.
The simple relationship between big data, the Internet of Things, and smart cities is that the development of big data stems from the application of IoT technology and is used to support the development of smart cities. Internet of Things technology, as an extension of Internet applications, is in a stage of great development. The Internet of Things is the basis of smart cities, but the scope of smart cities is more extensive than that of Internet of Things. The indicators of smart cities are embodied by big data. Big data promotes the development of smart cities; the Internet of Things is the catalyst for big data production. Big data originates from IoT applications.
China has entered the era of big data
Some people say that big data is coming, but it is only in the United States and not in China. The Tongfang who specializes in government data management views this: China’s understanding of big data is generally not as deep or different from that of the United States, but it cannot be denied that China has entered the era of big data. Now many Chinese ministries and commissions are already working on big data and using big data. The United States has promoted big data as a national strategy. China has not explicitly proposed it, but it has raised the scale of big data to the same level as national defense. Many ministries also jointly issued incentive measures. My government's sensitivity to big data has rapidly increased and measures are being taken. Therefore, China has stepped into the era of big data. This emphasis has been popularized from top to bottom at the government level. It may not yet reach the level of ordinary people, but governments at all levels have already attached great importance to it. Academician He Hexuan also said: "China will produce the world's largest amount of data, and we must pay attention to the development, utilization, and management of big data."
The key to big data lies in sharing. A bottleneck in the development of smart cities in China is the effect of information islands. Various government departments are reluctant to disclose or itemize data. This results in the fragmentation of data and the inability to generate the deep value of data. Regarding this issue, some government departments also have a clear understanding and began to seek solutions, which are driven by their own needs. For example, some government departments initially did not want to share their data, but now they are looking for data exchange partners because they are increasingly aware that single data cannot be used to maximize their effectiveness. Exchange of data between departments has become a trend. At the same time, with the development of various fields and the promotion of policies, many previously unpublished data have gradually become public, which is a strong support for the development of big data.
Internet of things technology advances big data development
As for the significance of the Internet of Things for big data, Zhao Ying gave an example to illustrate the advancement of Internet of Things technology for big data. After the torrential rains in Beijing last year, the government took a lot of solutions. An important manifestation is that the Beijing Science and Technology Commission quickly set up a special fund to upgrade the emergency management capabilities of the affected areas of Fangshan and Mentougou. Construction. Tongfang participated in the Mentougou project to help Mentougou enhance its early warning capabilities. Tongfang has reformed and upgraded the original emergency platform at Mentougou. For example, when monitoring the water level, water level gauges are installed under some key overpasses. When the water level reaches a certain level, an early warning will occur. The relevant departments can take some measures accordingly. This is the application of the Internet of Things technology.
What is the relationship between IoT technology and big data? When the number of water level gauges increases, more data will be collected, which will make it easier to find some laws and issue early warnings. This is a matter that can naturally be done using the technological means of big data. In the case of a small number of points, the amount of data is not large enough to solve part of the problem. Therefore, it is precisely because of the Internet of Things that there are more and more points for big data, and naturally it is necessary to analyze real-time data. Data mining, originally for historical data mining, is now a trend for real-time data mining, indicating that the technology of the Internet of Things is advancing the development of big data-related technologies.
Big data supports the development of smart cities
Urban operating signs are quantified through data. However, these data are scattered in various departments of the government. The duty of the same party is to collect data on the city's running signs from various departments, and help the city managers to collect and analyze the data, and finally to the city. The quantified form of physical signs is the management of various types of data for use by government administrators.
Every decision made by the government department requires long-term investigation. The research data comes from the long-term accumulation of government operations and city operations. The rapid development of government informatization has caused the government to generate hundreds of terabytes of data. However, the data itself does not make any sense. Only after a certain amount of systematic analysis can the value of the data be brought into play. Every detail of a smart city generates huge data. At the same time, the operational basis of a smart city comes from an in-depth analysis of big data.
The surface of big data is a series of static data piles, but its essence is to obtain a series of regular dynamic processes after a complex analysis of the data. The government department itself has not done such a thing. This requires enterprises to support it. The Party sees the importance of big data for the operation of the city. Selecting the government as a breakthrough is a requirement for the development of the situation, and it is also a unique feature of the Big Data of Tongfang. . It is worth noting that Big Data from Tongfang does not participate in government decision-making, but only provides data support for government decisions. Using the intuitive form of data to demonstrate the relationship between businesses, use the data to represent changes and trends in urban development, analyze and summarize the problems existing in cities, and provide assistance for government departments in decision-making.
The management of urban operating signs also requires the promotion of big data. When big data reflect the signs of urban operations, it does not need to understand the main business and operation processes of the urban sector. Simply from the data point of view, after analysis through computer software, the data can be drawn to some rules, does not concern the business, does not concern The result, but can fully reflect the correlation between the data. From the perspective of big data, driving the development of urban operating signs is a purely computerized mode of operation that can draw manpower in the front of decision-making. The benefit of this is the quantification and standardization of operations.
Regarding the development of big data, the Internet of Things and smart cities, China’s leading expert in information technology—the head of the State Council’s Leading Group of the Internet of Things and the academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, Wu He’ao—had a very profound expression: from the Internet of Things to big data to smart cities. It is the process of “informing things by knowing thingsâ€. Through analysis and decision-making, we can achieve “combination of knowledge and actionâ€.
Smart cities benefit everyone
Smart cities driven by big data are about everyone's life. The most common example is the weather forecast. The previous weather forecast will only predict the weather, but the current weather forecast will tell the public more information such as weather index, air pollution index, clothing index, driving safety index, etc. It is good for sports and has an explanation of the effects on hair and makeup. This is a smart life that will allow ordinary people to experience the future. In the future, education, transportation, and other aspects that affect people's food, clothing, shelter and transportation will all become intelligent. In terms of education, we can look at the practice in the United States. Each college in the United States will display the school attendance rate, employment rate, and graduates' annual salary level. This is a very favorable data support for students choosing a school major. In terms of transportation, how to unblock urban transportation, how to search for parking spaces, and which transportation mode to choose are more convenient and safe are the future state of smart cities.
When referring to the future development of smart cities, Zhao Ying said: Smart cities come from smart decisions, and smart decisions come from human wisdom. When everyone is smart, a city will become smart.
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