With the development of TV technology to digitalization, a lot of digital devices have appeared in the TV monitoring industry. Digital systems have become the current hot spot, so the concept of digital video matrix has appeared, and some manufacturers have also launched pure digital video matrix devices.
Digital video matrix technology principle
At present, the digital system mainly has the following two situations:
First, according to the concept of analog video matrix, establish a channel connection (how many inputs and how many outputs) to the input digital video signal (data stream), such equipment is mainly used in TV studios, the system it adapts to ( (Network) structure is lumped, but this structure is rarely used in the TV monitoring system of the security industry.
Another way is to use DVR, video gateway or IP camera to digitize the image source in the LAN environment and switch the digital stream through the network switch. At this time, the output of the system can be regarded as B / S or C / S The client in the structure, which does not establish a transmission channel between the input and output signals, is essentially just performing multiple image conversion and codec processing in parallel, and the connection between the input and output is not direct (with conversion ), Not real-time (with delay). And the input signal is usually an analog video signal, and the output may be a digital signal or an analog signal. This is a distributed structure and its characteristics are:
During multiple transmission, recording and processing of digital video signals, the image quality will not be reduced. At the same time, it can not only achieve distributed storage and local control, but also achieve centralized image calling, recording and unified management. Image retrieval processing is more convenient, such as multi-screen segmentation, license plate number recognition, etc. These image processing use simulation Technology is difficult or impossible;
The network wiring is convenient, and the data network reserved in the building can be fully utilized. Easy to connect with WAN and realize remote monitoring;
The system has good expandability and upgradeability, and strong confidentiality.
But there are still some problems that need to be improved: the central monitoring room cannot obtain all real-time images of the system at the same time. The image quality (resolution resolution, continuity, image reproducibility) has not yet reached the level of the analog system. More importantly, the product has not yet fully matured, and the interface relationship is not uniform (especially the video codec algorithm) has not yet formed a basic standard and uniformity. Nevertheless, this method will be the best and inevitable way for the TV monitoring system to transition from analog to digital.
A large part of the video matrix hosts currently on the market are still traditional analog video matrices. The digital matrix is ​​only a small part of it. With the advancement of technology and the digitization of security products, it is undeniable that the digital matrix host will be the future development trend. Before many problems faced by digital matrix are not completely solved, analog matrix and digital matrix will coexist in the market.
Digital video matrix application advantages
1. Cost advantage: the video matrix and DVR are combined into one
With the digital video matrix solution, only one device can realize the functions of video matrix and DVR at the same time, which greatly saves costs. The matrix control and DVR control are integrated together, which is convenient and flexible. If an analog matrix is ​​used, at least one matrix host and one DVR host are required. Installation and commissioning are complicated. In addition to the cost of DVR, a high cost is required for the analog matrix. In addition, for the control of the analog matrix, you may also need to connect other devices, such as display devices, matrix controllers, matrix control keyboards, etc. Some complex functions even require a special PC to configure. The analog matrix solution also requires video signal distribution and multiplexing equipment to realize the DVR recording function, while using digital matrix, you only need to add a simple matrix module on the basis of DVR, the cost is relatively low, and the digital The integration of matrix and video recording system is high, the stability is enhanced, and the cost of future maintenance is also reduced.
2. Functional advantages: flexible configuration, powerful functions, simple and easy to use
In the simulation matrix + DVR scheme, the matrix and DVR are separate and need to be controlled separately. The operation mode provided by the simulation matrix is ​​complicated, the operability is very poor, and the function is single. If you want to implement more complicated functions, you need a very cumbersome operation process; The digital matrix can be used to realize the simultaneous control of the switching matrix and DVR through a control platform. The operation interface can be freely developed by secondary developers under Windows or Linux, and the application program can be customized according to the needs of their customers. The system built depends entirely on the developer ’s own software.
In the digital matrix, based on the digital processing of the image: You can perform a lot of processing on the image while implementing video switching, such as superimposing characters, superimposing images, area covering, etc. These are the functions that DVR currently generally has, but for Analog matrix, because its core is based on the processing of analog signals, when facing these functions, it seems powerless. Taking the character superposition function as an example here, the simulation matrix often needs to be realized by an external character superposition chip. Usually, only the ASCII code, that is, the superposition of English characters can be realized, and the simulation that can realize the superposition of Chinese characters can be said to be very few, let alone simultaneous Support Simplified, Traditional, and even Japanese. As for functions such as image overlay, it is basically impossible to achieve at the analog signal layer.
The digital matrix can provide a richer image display mode. The traditional analog matrix can only output the simplest 1: 1 image; on the basis of this, the digital matrix can also achieve N → 1 (through zooming of the image, multiple images can be displayed in a window) and 1 → N (one input image is displayed on multiple output terminals at the same time) display mode, even advanced functions such as picture-in-picture.
Finally, the system stability, digital matrix + DVR program, high system integration, low power consumption, high stability; and the use of analog matrix program, because of the need for multiple devices, the probability of problems is greatly increased.
3. Potential: huge development space
The analog matrix control system is currently very mature. The structure and functions of its products have not changed significantly in recent years or even more than a decade, and the potential to be tapped is very limited.
The digital matrix is ​​completely different. The current development of digital technology can be described as changing with each passing day and promising. First of all, with the improvement of hardware performance, in terms of high-speed bus: 66M PCI bus has been very mature and popular, such as PCI-E or other high-speed serial bus has also been constantly proposed; in chip technology: 600M, has appeared 720M or even 1GHz high-performance DSP, it can be said that thanks to the continuous improvement of the performance of the hardware platform, it will inevitably make the function of the digital matrix continue to improve and continue to develop toward the high end. At the same time, the progress of software cannot be ignored either. New image compression and processing algorithms are constantly being proposed, the efficiency of image compression is constantly improving, and more complex and smarter image processing algorithms are constantly being applied, such as intelligent motion detection, Intelligent recognition technology (face recognition, fingerprint recognition, license plate recognition, signature recognition) has already had relatively mature applications. These higher-level image processing technologies, using the current hardware platform, can already be applied to our digital video system in. Therefore, with the rapid improvement of the level of software and hardware, we have reason to believe that the development space of digital matrix will be very wide, whether in performance or function will inevitably exceed the analog matrix.
4. The secondary development is simple and convenient
Different from the previous H card and D card using their respective SDK, the new SDK will support H card, HC card and MD card at the same time. Only one SDK can realize the encoding, decoding, and matrix control at the same time. The encoding and decoding part of the new SDK is compatible with the encoding and decoding part of the original SDK. Users only need to add the matrix control part, which is extremely Reduce the complexity of the user's secondary development. At the same time: H card, HC card and MD card can be mixed to facilitate maintenance and expansion of existing projects.
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