Significance of the development of e-commerce in China Since the 1990s, the rapid development of computer networks has greatly promoted the rise and development of e-commerce. Today, many fellow academic entrepreneurs and government officials are studying e-commerce. There is still no consensus on what is e-commerce. China began to introduce the concept of e-commerce in 1993. Later, government departments, scientific research institutes and many enterprises have joined the exploration and research of e-commerce, and the papers calling for the development of e-commerce are currently published in major academic papers. The Dianbao corpse 1 is everywhere, Tingren calls 200 years the Dianguang business year, and it is not too much. However, the understanding of e-commerce has various scopes. Mr. He Jiacheng, deputy director of the National Bureau of Domestic Trade, believes that a definition that is too wide or too narrow will mislead people in practice. The author believes that this is very positive because e-commerce from theory to Practice is a brand new concept. It must be stepped in. According to the development of e-commerce at home and abroad, e-commerce can be roughly defined as an open interactive transaction behavior based on computer networks, which includes price-seeking order payment and delivery links, which involves the provision of goods The role of the consumer shopping service provider, the shopping service distributor, and the consumer at present, as long as one or more links are completed online, they can often be regarded as the mascot of e-commerce.
E-commerce attempts and start-up The development of China's e-commerce is still in the trial and start-up phase, a few years later than the United States, and it is still a long way from the real take-off phase. E-commerce in the United States in 1998 before Christmas has entered the take-off phase. Of the total number of American households, there are 50 and 4 nights, respectively, with personal computers and the first family. In 1998, online sales in the United States totaled about 14.9 billion US dollars, accounting for 0.5% of total retail sales. In 1999, it reached 36 billion US dollars, accounting for total retail sales. In 1999, the value of Internet-related enterprises in the United States will exceed 507 billion US dollars. It has become the largest industry in the United States. Currently, 3 of Europe ’s public companies have one online presence. Customers provide products and services. It is estimated that the global turnover of Tunzi Business can reach six billion dollars, which will be a huge cake for global companies. It is a brand-new network based on the network and based on 7 data. The business model will be abrupt now that China's e-commerce is being piloted, and how to transform good wishes and curiosity into reality will require hard work. In April 1997, Hangzhou Xinhua Bookstore founded China's first online bookstore, which opened the prelude to China's e-commerce. Then in March 1998, the Beijing company successfully sold the first product online for the first time.
At the end of 1998, there were 2.2 million Internet users in China. As of July 1999, there were 4 million users busy with survey data. By the end of 2000, the deadline for receiving manuscripts was 20.03 million, which is expected to reach 30 million. Online sales reached US $ 10 million, and it exceeded US $ 41.98 million in 1999. According to the report's forecast, it will rise to US $ 18.156 million in 2000. According to a survey conducted by the Boston Consulting Company in the United States, China's Internet users will reach 100 million by 2003 The United States and Japan became the world's first. And within 5 years, more than 15 people will become the main body of e-commerce transactions. It is fully clear that the prospects for e-commerce in China are very broad. The starting position is good. In recent years, with the in-depth development of 1 in the Internet, Dianguang business began With a good momentum of development, many Internet users gradually understand and accept the new online consumption model. Some new e-commerce sites have begun to make bold attempts on the Internet. In early 2000, the Chinese network portal Sohu and the famous domestic e-commerce site Everest 8848. Sister website cooperation alliance, January 17 Sohu 8848 shopping mall officially opened 18, China ’s children from 1 Shangle station 1.1., 1 Leyou shopping mall officially opened January 19, 37 domestic units Co-founded the China Enterprise Internet Service Alliance in Beijing. On March 6, the national online chain mall 1D163, 1 joined by 50 large shopping malls covering 28 cities in 22 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government opened in Beijing. This is 1D163, bringing 8,8 business-to-business And the two modern business models of business-to-consumer combined to work hard to explore. These series of facts indicate that China's e-commerce has begun to move towards large-scale enterprise cooperation. Overall, China's e-commerce work has just started, and it is still quite fragile. It has taken shape in aspects such as system organization, legal model, technical management, etc. , Must undergo careful exploration and brewing, must carefully analyze the existing obstacles, face the challenges rationally, must not be overheated, and blindly leap forward the obstacles to the development of e-commerce in China. The development of e-commerce not only means opportunities and challenges, but also more important It is a radical revolution in ideas. We must unify enterprise consumers' full recognition of e-commerce and strengthen the correct publicity of e-commerce. At present, there are still some conceptual obstacles to the start of e-commerce in China. First, there is a tendency to fear. When it comes to the Internet economy and e-commerce, it is frightening. It seems that you will always cross the threshold of this high technology. Second, there is a kind of resistance. I do n’t think it ’s okay to engage in e-commerce. It seems that it is still far away from me. Once again, there is a tendency to underestimate the enemy. In fact, I do n’t have a deep understanding of e-commerce. I even think that as long as electronic tools are used for transactions, it is e-commerce, such as long-term credit Mouse bar code technology, please wait for the cost of building an online store to be much lower than the cost of building a traditional store, but the initial stage of e-commerce may not be profitable or even loss-making. This is also a normal Amazon online bookstore since its creation. It can be used for e-commerce. In the initial stage, a lot of venture capital investment is needed, but China ’s capital is in short supply, corporate financing is difficult, and the risk responsibility mechanism is not perfect. These factors also restrict the take-off of e-commerce. The development of e-commerce must rely on a solid network infrastructure, with financial support. Bingshangtun, turned into a premise in the early 1990s, I started within Afterwards, Shi Jin successively carried out the Golden Bridge and Golden Card series of projects. At present, the light transmission 1 network public data communication network satellite and microwave communication network covering the whole country have been built, which has provided a good 1 network platform for the electronic business Su Su. The financial and commercial electronic network has not yet been formed, and there is still a bottleneck in the improvement of the level of information technology. The construction of basic network facilities in some areas is also used to strengthen Tunguang business. It is a new discipline for any country. In theory, it is a marginal discipline. E-commerce needs compound talents in interdisciplinary fields. It is necessary to have a deep understanding of computer technology, but also to grasp the knowledge of financial business. China currently lacks such talents, and the construction of related disciplines and teaching research in the school are relatively lagging behind.
E-commerce is a free and open transaction mode, and it will inevitably conflict with the traditional legal system and social rules. China is in a period of social transformation, the legal system is not sound enough, fake and shoddy goods disturb the market order, the service level is low, and the rights and interests of consumers cannot be fully protected. These factors will affect the widespread development of e-commerce, especially the liberation of electronic payment security privacy protection electronic signature business contracts online anti-counterfeiting and other issues lack of corresponding game rules and system reference coordinates.
Some people think that e-commerce will weaken the logistics function. This is a mistake. In fact, the traditional business operation mode of the payment factory has not been weakened. On the contrary, it will gradually be strengthened, because e-commerce can realize business flow online. Integration of capital flow information flow, but logistics distribution will still be a bottleneck. Whether e-commerce can really reduce transaction costs, improve circulation efficiency, and reduce intermediate links, the key lies in whether we have a high-speed developed logistics distribution system and China has long been in the separation of production and sales, batch and zero separation, domestic and foreign trade separation, and high cost and low efficiency information. In the state of lagging feedback, the level of logistics distribution is low. Under the current fragmentation of the old distribution network and the new network system has not been established, e-commerce has really come true, and there are still some countermeasures to develop e-commerce in China. Innovative concepts, the essence of hard work e-commerce lies in the revolution of speed and efficiency, and it has significant advantages in product price channel promotion service communication, etc., which can enable consumer noodles to purchase at a lower price and in a more convenient way. More satisfied products and more thoughtful services, the development of e-commerce will bring unprecedented opportunities for our economic development, and help China participate in international competition better. We must raise the whole society ’s comprehensive understanding of e-commerce, due to China ’s industrial structure Insufficient optimization, different industries and different enterprises all have a state of inefficient operation. In the face of the revolution of e-commerce, enterprises must practice their internal skills and optimize the capital structure, technical structure and organizational structure. 2 Deepen the reform of the investment and listening system in order to exclude development The financial barriers of TV and radio business must deepen the reform of the investment and financing system and accelerate the reform and development of the capital market. In addition, to strengthen the indirect regulation of the government, it is necessary to give full play to the noble system of the market mechanism and encourage direct financing by enterprises. In order to attract foreign capital and internal social funds, it is necessary to establish an e-commerce venture investment fund as soon as possible, relax the listing conditions of high-tech enterprises as soon as possible, and accelerate the construction of information infrastructure. To develop technology, break the monopoly, and promote fair competition, we must gradually improve infrastructure construction, increase the penetration rate of computers, improve the construction level of optical cable laying networks, and strengthen the research and development of key technologies. Ensure the safety of the data transmitted on the edge.
Increase the speed of Internet access and reduce costs, paving the way for the full launch of e-commerce.
Vigorously cultivating and introducing e-commerce human resources The development of e-commerce requires employees to master certain professional skills and have the ability to innovate comprehensively with relevant knowledge. The state should incorporate talent training as soon as possible into the track of college teaching and discipline construction and increase intellectual investment. Promote academic exchanges that flee e-commerce. At the same time, it can be supplemented by the introduction of talents to create an excellent legal and institutional environment. E-commerce is developing rapidly, and the operating rules of relevant legal systems are quite lagging behind. The country should focus on the market access system for electronic information security measures. In accordance with the certification system, financial settlement, intellectual property rights protection, transaction rights, and other issues, timely formulation of new system rules and the early introduction of Tunzi business into the legal system, the development of Tunzi business is a systematic project. The entire transaction process involves financial transportation, industry and commerce taxation and other departments. In order to better solve the difficult adjustment of security technology and services in the future development of e-commerce, try to promote the construction of e-commerce infrastructure to better reduce transaction costs. Reduce intermediate links. Achieve the transition from a roundabout economy to an emerging direct economy.
For a long time, China attached importance to the manufacturing industry, neglected the circulation industry, and in the circulation, emphasized business flow and ignored logistics. It is very common for commercial enterprises to operate independently through the six decentralized systems. Liudi has a low degree of organization. To develop e-commerce, it must have an efficient and well-developed logistics distribution system. China must gradually promote the effective response mode. Promote the concept innovations in the field of Liuying, weave innovations and information technology innovations, and meet the needs of consumers in the manner of low-income wood 1 shots and relocations. In the United States and in the world, the sale of fire 1. The Wall Lawsuit 9 years old 137.6 billion US dollars, which reached 155 billion US dollars in 1999 and 182 billion US dollars in 2000. The key to achieving this extraordinary performance is that Wal-Mart has an efficient 0-foot model, and the introduction of continuous replenishment of merchandise in store configuration is quite high. China ’s promotion of 0 It must not be taken blindly. It must be implemented step by step. It should be gradually promoted by the government ’s overall plan, which will eventually urge manufacturers to approve the integration of retail banks and circulation supply chains. China Business Daily February 22, 2000, 25th, Xia Chunyu Future retail industry outlook, Business Economic Research Monthly Zeng Xiaoyang, Hu Juping, the commercial application value of the Internet and its editor Li Huaizheng proofread Li Huaizheng
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