Recently, the company has been rooted in the application of drones in agriculture, and they have released the XCope XOCope UAV Vision System. This system combines the binocular obstacle avoidance and terrain vision module to give the plant protection drone the ability to perceive the environment, further enhancing its operational efficiency and safety.
Technical Parameters:
Binocular obstacle avoidance, effective recognition distance of 30 meters;
Terrain vision module, which can obtain location information and flight information 24 hours a day without GPS;
Wind curtain blocking technology, active dust removal, designed for plant protection drones, adapt to extremely complex environments;
Active near-infrared illumination technology with night vision.
One of the interesting things we found was that it was able to avoid obstacles at night. Why is this interesting? Because if you have Dajiang, its binocular obstacle avoidance may be completely "smashed" at night, and not only at night, it is said that the illumination is less than 300 lux will be closed.
So of course, Dajiang does not recommend that you play drones at night to do some "hunting things", and you can only rely on your own technology. But considering that the Inspire 2 can already customize the 4G communication function and realize the black technology such as remote control of the aircraft, if we realize the obstacle avoidance at night, our hackers and geeks have fun things to do.
So here we will first talk about "night obstacle avoidance".
Extreme Flying & Active Near Infrared Irradiation Technology?
Extreme flying to avoid obstacles at night is because most of their plant protection operations are carried out at night. In fact, the principle of "obstacle avoidance at night" is not complicated.
First, the principle of obstacle avoidance is to avoid obstacles in the forward direction. It uses two "eyes" of the imaging device to acquire two images of the object to be measured, and obtains the three-dimensional shape of the object by calculating the positional deviation between the corresponding points of the image. Information, including the distance between the camera and the object, and the distance between the objects. It is based on the parallax principle and is an important form of computer vision, which is similar to the principle that the human eye perceives three-dimensional information of objects. Refer to the ugly picture below.
The obstacle avoidance at night is the use of this active near-infrared illumination technology. Simply put, a special "flashlight" is added and the "eyes" are modified. At night, this "eye" is almost invisible (like the existing products of Dajiang), and the binoculars used in the ultra-flying are composed of two black and white lenses, which can be imaged from the 380-1080nm band, which means not only " Seeing "visible light, you can also see infrared rays that are invisible to the human eye."
(The middle strip is mounted for transmission and the sides are for receiving)
The unmanned person actively emits near-infrared light. The near-infrared light is an electromagnetic wave between visible light and mid-infrared light. Although it is invisible to the human eye, it can be used as a light source at night, and each lens of the dual purpose can receive the environment. The infrared feedback can be "perceived" to the environment and obstacles after binocular calculation (same as daytime calculations). Moreover, the obstacle avoidance distance is unchanged from the daytime, and is 30 meters (angle: horizontal FOV 65°).
In fact, this principle was not created by the ultra-flying. It was used very early in the military. During the Second World War in the United States and Germany, the first generation of active infrared detection devices was used on the battlefield, and the light source equipment provided by itself took the initiative to generate near The infrared radiation illuminates the target area, and then receives the infrared signal returned by the target, and converts it into a visible image for observation and analysis. For example, the vehicle-mounted active infrared night vision device developed in Germany can be used for concealed travel under no-light conditions at night, and by this means avoiding the surveillance of the Allies and secretly transporting the V-2 missile to the front line.
And here, at present, all civilian drones can't avoid obstacles at night or when the light is not good? Actually, we can look at the obstacle-free drones that were originally "seeing the light to die" and whether they can survive at night.
Soar & RealSense Technology?
When it comes to infrared nighttime obstacle avoidance, what I easily think of is the Intel's RealSense technology used by Soaring. This technology is used on their Typhoon H to achieve obstacle avoidance.
Why did you think of it? Because RealSense hardware is equipped with: two infrared lenses + RGB lens + infrared structured light (that is, infrared laser transmitter), while using ultrasonic sensors to assist.
In short, part of the obstacle avoidance is the same way as the flying fly, except that the "eyes" can only see the infrared, and also emit the infrared structured light, and use these "infrared eyes" to receive and carry out Environmental awareness. But the difference is that the information received by the "infrared eyes" will be used to think about RealSense's "brains", used in conjunction with other sensor information, 3D modeling, and then "thinking" about ways to get around obstacles. It is also the path planning that is often said.
This is why it is rumored that it is "seeing the light dead", because the infrared is also affected by visible light, the effect of the daytime bright light environment is not necessarily ideal, so there will be auxiliary ultrasonic sensors, of course, there is no "seeing light dead" It’s so exaggerated.
Say back to "night obstacle avoidance", so it can also achieve nighttime obstacle avoidance at night, and the performance may be better than the daytime, because the RGB lens is invisible at night, there is one sensor information missing in 3D modeling, so The speed of the operation will be faster, but the accuracy may be reduced.
We seem to have accidentally discovered the advantages of a soaring? Of course, I need to have time to find a night to actually try the effect.
Dajiang & Inspire 2, Phantom 4 Pro?
what? Inspire 2 and Phantom 4 Pro also have this hidden skill?
No, no, it’s actually a “night blindness†patient. Even if the new binocular obstacle avoidance on the Inspire 2 is still invisible at night, I’m here to talk about the obstacle avoidance system on both sides of the Phantom 4 Pro and the Inspire 2 up. Their principle is infrared perception.
One hair, one receipt, and long hair. "The effective detection range is 7 meters, and the sensing range is 70° in the horizontal direction and 20° in the vertical direction."
"The Inspire 2 top infrared sensing system can effectively sense objects within 5 meters above, and can avoid the impact of the aircraft hitting the top obstacle during the ascent (FOV ±5°).
Because of the traditional ultrasonic obstacle avoidance, the detection accuracy is low, and the structural characteristics are easily affected by the influence of the aircraft's blade frequency vibration. In contrast, the infrared sensing system not only has a larger detection area, but also can accurately identify the closest object distance from the aircraft, and has stronger anti-interference ability. Therefore, DJI uses it as an aid, and of course only assists, direct sunlight. In the case, it will still be invalid.
So when I say so much, there is only one thing that is "infrared is good at night!", what about other programs? There is also a laser radar.
Zero & TOF obstacle avoidance system?
At the singularity conference of Geek Park last year, Zero Degree Yang Jianjun showed the TOF obstacle avoidance system (a type of laser radar ranging). It is the abbreviation of TIme of flight, which is the time-of-flight 3D imaging. It is to continuously send light pulses to the target, then receive the light returned from the object with the sensor, and obtain the target distance by detecting the flight time of the light pulse.
However, the exaggeration in this way can be regarded as a kind of "seeing death". Light waves are easily disturbed, and the light emitted by the system must avoid the main energy band of sunlight. "At present, the TOF can measure up to 10 meters indoors. If the outdoor strong light interferes, it will be about 5 meters."
Is the device on top of the head
Therefore, it is also excellent to use "obstacle avoidance" at night. But suffering from this principle requires very accurate time measurement, requires a dedicated processing chip, and the chip price is relatively high, and zero is not mass-produced.
At last
In fact, at the end of the day, it was found that "night obstacle avoidance" is not a problem that cannot be solved. There are many solutions available, so it is more like a product manager's choice.
There is a real demand for flying, and the obstacle avoidance can predict the poles in the farmland in advance, but it often ignores a long, tall sorghum in the field. .. .. So when did you launch such a feature, do you really meet such a standard? So the current demand is the only variable.
But just like when a camera appears on a mobile phone, who would think that someone in the future would have listed "night imaging quality" as a very important consideration. I can think of Phantom 5 as an omni-directional obstacle avoidance. UAVs that won't hit, but what may not be expected is who will launch a "night drone" in the future.
Finally, maybe you can solve it yourself now.
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