LED technology has advanced significantly, extending beyond just lighting and display into numerous applications within the medical field. For instance, in skincare, studies have shown that high-energy blue light, with wavelengths between 400 and 420 nanometers from LEDs, is utilized to treat acne. Yellow light around 570 nanometers or red light close to 630 nanometers can help rejuvenate the skin and make it look younger.
LED masks have emerged as a popular product, and if you search on Taobao, you’ll find prices ranging from around $40 to over $1,000.

The application of optics in medicine has a long history. As far back as thousands of years ago, both China and Egypt used sunlight to treat ailments. In 1903, Danish scientist Niels Finsen won the Nobel Prize for inventing light therapy to treat lupus vulgaris, which was quite popular at the time. However, due to a lack of suitable light sources and treatment side effects, it eventually faded from prominence. After the invention of the laser in 1960, optical therapy saw great success in ophthalmology, dermatology, and surgery, but its high costs hindered widespread adoption. With the maturation of LED technology, however, medical applications have grown. The lower cost, energy efficiency, and high stability make LEDs highly promising for medical treatments.
Principle of LED Masks
In 2010, according to foreign media reports, a beauty tool LED mask based on the theories of traditional Chinese medicine and human science was introduced.
This LED mask was invented by Dr. John Tsagaris, a Chinese medicine practitioner. LED light can boost the potential energy of skin cells, directly impacting the mitochondria, essentially creating an “energy factory†for each cell. Blue LED light has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties, which can help treat acne and rosacea effectively. Red LED light promotes the production of skin collagen, making it ideal for skin care and beautification.
LED masks work similarly to photosynthesis, treating wrinkles by altering the energy of red light emitted from the LEDs. They not only soothe the skin but also prevent bacterial growth beneath the skin’s surface. Using an LED mask offers a relaxing experience, and the LED red light delivered to the skin feels comforting.
In a report from Taiwan, the Department of Microelectronics Engineering at Haike University tested the LED mask and analyzed the composition of red and blue light and their effects on the skin.

Of course, the applications of LED in the medical field extend beyond skincare. According to Dazhao Xiong, director of the Medical Optics Laboratory at the Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, current medical applications involving LED include psychotherapy, UV curing, photodynamic therapy (POT), photochemistry, skin rejuvenation, and disease treatment. Different wavelengths correspond to different medical applications, such as sterilization, biochemical instruments, phototherapy devices; infrared physiotherapy instruments; medical endoscopes, surgical shadow lamps, surgical microscopes, etc., all fall within various wavelength ranges, enabling LED light sources to be applied across many medical fields.
CSA Research noted that the applications of light sources in the medical field can roughly be categorized as follows:
1. Functional lighting inside and outside hospitals
Besides common uses like displaying medical resources and guiding patients, most lighting relies on fluorescent lamps, grille lamps, ceiling lights, spotlights, downlights, etc.
2. Peeping lighting
Mainly used for detecting and observing lesions, these are transmissive, small-angle, directional lighting fixtures. In vivo and in vitro peeks are involved. In vitro peeks are movable directional lighting fixtures, such as laryngoscope lamps and dental lamps. Halogen lamps are currently the primary source, whereas in vivo peeks typically require optical fibers, often using LEDs as the light source.
3. Surgical lighting
Divided into fixed and mobile types, these provide high-quality lighting for surgeons during operations. Xenon lamps and LED shadowless lamps are the mainstream now, though they come at a high cost.

4. Disinfection, sterilization irradiation sources
Using ultraviolet light to disinfect medical equipment, tools, and utensils is fast and efficient, with mercury vapor being a common choice.
5. UV radiation disinfection, sterilization
Ultraviolet light penetrates microbial cell membranes and nuclei, destroying the molecular chains of DNA and RNA, thus rendering them incapable of replication and activity, achieving sterilization and antiviral purposes. Unlike retort sterilization, UV disinfection doesn’t generate waste liquids or containers, making it environmentally friendly and reliable.
6. Phototherapy - light radiation therapy
Phototherapy uses specific wavelengths of light to stimulate or inhibit the growth of human skin or certain tissue cells, achieving therapeutic effects through photobiological effects. The efficacy of LED light sources in phototherapy is increasingly significant. High-energy blue light between 400 and 420 nanometers is used to treat acne; yellow light near 570 nanometers or red light near 630 nanometers helps rejuvenate the skin.
Compared to traditional light sources, LEDs better meet the special requirements of light therapy. They offer a wide range of wavelength selections, adjustable radiation amounts, adjustable radiation spots, pure colors, no harmful spectral components, and electrical safety. Therefore, LEDs are the preferred healthy light source to replace traditional phototherapy light sources and have become an effective clinical treatment method.

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