When it comes to indoor performances like those on a theater stage, the primary focus is always on sound artistry. Ensuring the quality of sound is crucial, making it pleasant and beautiful. However, for outdoor performances, the emphasis shifts to sound technology. The primary goal here is to guarantee that no accidents occur during the performance, allowing the cultural event to be successfully executed. Since outdoor performances present unique challenges compared to indoor ones, they require several specific technical considerations:
Firstly, the sound system must have a robust power reserve. In an outdoor open space, the sound field requires significantly more power. To increase the sound pressure level by 3dB, the power needs to be increased tenfold. Using the formula 10logP2/P1 = XdB, you can calculate the exact power needed for the sound field.
Secondly, speakers should be hoisted to an appropriate height. In outdoor settings, placing the speakers too low can cause the lower frequencies to be absorbed by the audience, leading to sound distortion and loss, particularly at higher frequencies. By elevating the mid-range or treble horns and using outdoor-specific speakers, the sound waves can radiate further into the air, ensuring the audience receives adequate volume across the auditorium.
Thirdly, high-sensitivity microphones are essential. These microphones boost the sound gain, ensuring the audience hears clearly. Given the often considerable distance between the microphone and the mixer in outdoor performances, wireless microphones are typically preferred for effective sound capture.
Fourthly, protecting the power lines is critical. As the energy source for the speaker system, any failure in the power circuit can disrupt the sound system. Therefore, a local professional electrician should support the power circuit, and security personnel should monitor the entire line from the mixer to either the indoor setup or temporary power generation vehicles.
Fifthly, safeguarding the speaker cables is equally important. The distance between the power amplifier and the speakers is usually extensive. To prevent faults or damages due to disconnected or short-circuited cables, a dedicated person should oversee the speaker circuit. Since the output impedance of the power amplifier is minimal, just a few ohms, yet the sound power is significant, causing high currents, the cable’s cross-sectional area should not be too small, especially over longer distances. This minimizes unnecessary sound power loss. Ideally, placing the power amplifier closer to the speakers reduces wear and tear.
Lastly, sound engineers should maintain constant communication with the auditorium assistants via walkie-talkies. This ensures the sound engineer can accurately and promptly gauge the auditorium's sound effects, enabling timely adjustments.
Outdoor performances, while challenging, offer unique opportunities to showcase creativity and technical prowess. With these considerations in mind, performers and technicians can deliver unforgettable experiences.
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