Use of CNC machine tools - Solutions - Huaqiang Electronic Network

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Before using the CNC machine, you should carefully read the machine manual and other relevant information in order to operate the machine correctly, and pay attention to the following points:
(1) The operation and maintenance personnel of the machine tool must be professionals who have mastered the relevant professional knowledge of the machine tool or those who have been trained in technology, and must operate the machine tool according to the safety operation rules and safe operation regulations;
(2) Non-professionals are not allowed to open the electric cabinet door. Before opening the electric cabinet door, it must be confirmed that the main power switch of the machine has been turned off. Only professional maintenance personnel are allowed to open the electric cabinet door for power-on maintenance;
(3) In addition to some parameters that can be changed by the user, other system parameters, spindle parameters, servo parameters, etc., cannot be modified by the user, otherwise the equipment, workpiece, personal injury, etc. will be brought to the operator;
(4) After modifying the parameters, when the first machining is performed, the machine tool is tested with the machine lock and single block without the tool and the workpiece, and the machine tool is confirmed after the machine is normal;
(5) The plc program of the machine tool is designed by the machine tool manufacturer according to the machine tool and does not need to be modified. Improper modification, operating the machine may cause damage to the machine and even damage the operator;
(6) It is recommended that the machine tool run continuously for up to 24 hours. If the continuous running time is too long, it will affect the life of the electrical system and some mechanical components, which will affect the accuracy of the machine tool;
(7) All connectors, joints, etc. of the machine tool are not allowed to be pulled or inserted, otherwise serious consequences will result.
CNC machine tool maintenance CNC system is the core component of CNC machine tools. Therefore, the maintenance of CNC machine tools is mainly the maintenance of CNC system. After a long period of use of the CNC system, the performance of electronic components should be deteriorated or even damaged. Some mechanical components are even more so. In order to maximize the life of components and the wear cycle of components, prevent various faults, especially vicious accidents. The occurrence of the CNC system must be routinely maintained. To sum it up, pay attention to the following aspects.
1. Formulate rules and regulations for routine maintenance of CNC systems. Determine the respective maintenance regulations according to the characteristics of various components. If it is specified in the text where it needs to be cleaned every day (such as the input/output unit of the CNC system - the cleaning of the photoelectric reader, check whether the mechanical structure is well lubricated, etc.), which parts should be regularly inspected or replaced (such as DC servo motor brushes and The commutator should be checked once a month).
2. The doors of the CNC cabinet and the power cabinet should be opened as little as possible because the air in the machine shop usually contains oil mist, dust and even metal powder. Once they fall on the printed circuit or electrical device in the CNC system, it is easy to cause the insulation resistance between components to drop, and even cause damage to components and printed circuits. Some users in the summer in order to overload the CNC system for a long time, open the door of the CNC cabinet to dissipate heat, this is an indispensable method, which will eventually lead to accelerated damage of the CNC system. The correct way is to reduce the external ambient temperature of the CNC system. Therefore, there should be a strict regulation, unless the necessary adjustments and repairs are made, it is not allowed to open the door casually, and it is not allowed to open the door during use.
3. Regularly clean the cooling and ventilation system of the CNC cabinet. Check whether the cooling fans on the CNC system cabinet are working normally. Check whether the air duct filter is blocked every six months or quarterly depending on the working environment. If there is too much dust accumulation on the filter, it needs to be cleaned up in time. Otherwise, the temperature inside the cabinet of the CNC system will be high (it is generally not allowed to exceed 55 °C), resulting in overheating alarm or unreliable operation of the CNC system.
4. Always monitor the grid voltage for the CNC system
The CNC system produced by FANUC allows the grid voltage to fluctuate within the range of 85% to 110% of the rated value. If this range is exceeded, the system will not work properly and may even cause damage to the internal electronic components of the CNC system.
5. Regularly replace the battery for memory
There are two types of memory in the CNC system produced by FANUC:
(1) A bubble memory that does not require battery retention.
(2) CMOS that needs to be kept by battery
The RAM device has a rechargeable battery maintenance circuit inside to keep the stored contents during the period when the CNC system is not powered. When the CNC system is powered on, the +5V power supply passes through a diode to the CMOS.
The RAM is powered and the rechargeable battery is charged; when the CNC system cuts off the power, it is powered by the battery to maintain the CMOS.
In the RAM, in general, even if the battery has not failed, the battery should be replaced once a year to ensure that the system works properly. In addition, it must be noted that the replacement of the battery should be carried out under the power supply of the CNC system.
6. Maintenance of CNC system for long-term use To improve the utilization of CNC system and reduce the failure of CNC system, CNC machine tools should be used at full load, instead of being idle for a long time. For some reason, when the CNC system is idle for a long time, To avoid damage to the CNC system, pay attention to the following two points:
(1) It is necessary to energize the CNC system frequently, especially in the rainy season with high environmental humidity. When the machine lock is not moving (ie, the servo motor does not turn), let the CNC system run empty. The heat of the electrical components itself is used to dissipate the moisture in the numerical control system, and the performance of the electronic device is ensured to be stable and reliable. It has been proved that in areas with high air humidity, frequent power supply is an effective measure to reduce the failure rate.
(2) When the CNC machine tool adopts DC feed servo drive and DC spindle servo drive, the brush should be taken out from the DC motor to avoid corrosion of the commutator surface due to chemical corrosion, resulting in deterioration of the commutation performance and even The entire motor is damaged.